drm/amd/display - Display Core (DC)

placeholder - general description of supported platforms, what dc is, etc.

Because it is partially shared with other operating systems, the Display Core Driver is divided in two pieces.

  1. Display Core (DC) contains the OS-agnostic components. Things like hardware programming and resource management are handled here.
  2. Display Manager (DM) contains the OS-dependent components. Hooks to the amdgpu base driver and DRM are implemented here.

It doesn’t help that the entire package is frequently referred to as DC. But with the context in mind, it should be clear.

When CONFIG_DRM_AMD_DC is enabled, DC will be initialized by default for supported ASICs. To force disable, set amdgpu.dc=0 on kernel command line. Likewise, to force enable on unsupported ASICs, set amdgpu.dc=1.

To determine if DC is loaded, search dmesg for the following entry:

Display Core initialized with <version number here>

AMDgpu Display Manager

The AMDgpu display manager, amdgpu_dm (or even simpler, dm) sits between DRM and DC. It acts as a liaison, converting DRM requests into DC requests, and DC responses into DRM responses.

The root control structure is struct amdgpu_display_manager.

struct dm_compressor_info

Buffer info used by frame buffer compression

Definition

struct dm_compressor_info {
  void *cpu_addr;
  struct amdgpu_bo *bo_ptr;
  uint64_t gpu_addr;
};

Members

cpu_addr
MMIO cpu addr
bo_ptr
Pointer to the buffer object
gpu_addr
MMIO gpu addr
struct dmub_hpd_work

Handle time consuming work in low priority outbox IRQ

Definition

struct dmub_hpd_work {
  struct work_struct handle_hpd_work;
  struct dmub_notification *dmub_notify;
  struct amdgpu_device *adev;
};

Members

handle_hpd_work
Work to be executed in a separate thread to handle hpd_low_irq
dmub_notify
notification for callback function
adev
amdgpu_device pointer
struct vblank_control_work

Work data for vblank control

Definition

struct vblank_control_work {
  struct work_struct work;
  struct amdgpu_display_manager *dm;
  struct amdgpu_crtc *acrtc;
  struct dc_stream_state *stream;
  bool enable;
};

Members

work
Kernel work data for the work event
dm
amdgpu display manager device
acrtc
amdgpu CRTC instance for which the event has occurred
stream
DC stream for which the event has occurred
enable
true if enabling vblank
struct amdgpu_dm_backlight_caps

Information about backlight

Definition

struct amdgpu_dm_backlight_caps {
  union dpcd_sink_ext_caps *ext_caps;
  u32 aux_min_input_signal;
  u32 aux_max_input_signal;
  int min_input_signal;
  int max_input_signal;
  bool caps_valid;
  bool aux_support;
};

Members

ext_caps
Keep the data struct with all the information about the display support for HDR.
aux_min_input_signal
Min brightness value supported by the display
aux_max_input_signal
Max brightness value supported by the display in nits.
min_input_signal
minimum possible input in range 0-255.
max_input_signal
maximum possible input in range 0-255.
caps_valid
true if these values are from the ACPI interface.
aux_support
Describes if the display supports AUX backlight.

Description

Describe the backlight support for ACPI or eDP AUX.

struct dal_allocation

Tracks mapped FB memory for SMU communication

Definition

struct dal_allocation {
  struct list_head list;
  struct amdgpu_bo *bo;
  void *cpu_ptr;
  u64 gpu_addr;
};

Members

list
list of dal allocations
bo
GPU buffer object
cpu_ptr
CPU virtual address of the GPU buffer object
gpu_addr
GPU virtual address of the GPU buffer object
struct hpd_rx_irq_offload_work_queue

Work queue to handle hpd_rx_irq offload work

Definition

struct hpd_rx_irq_offload_work_queue {
  struct workqueue_struct *wq;
  spinlock_t offload_lock;
  bool is_handling_link_loss;
  struct amdgpu_dm_connector *aconnector;
};

Members

wq
workqueue structure to queue offload work.
offload_lock
To protect fields of offload work queue.
is_handling_link_loss
Used to prevent inserting link loss event when we’re handling link loss
aconnector
The aconnector that this work queue is attached to
struct hpd_rx_irq_offload_work

hpd_rx_irq offload work structure

Definition

struct hpd_rx_irq_offload_work {
  struct work_struct work;
  union hpd_irq_data data;
  struct hpd_rx_irq_offload_work_queue *offload_wq;
};

Members

work
offload work
data
reference irq data which is used while handling offload work
offload_wq
offload work queue that this work is queued to
struct amdgpu_display_manager

Central amdgpu display manager device

Definition

struct amdgpu_display_manager {
  struct dc *dc;
  struct dmub_srv *dmub_srv;
  struct dmub_notification *dmub_notify;
  dmub_notify_interrupt_callback_t dmub_callback[AMDGPU_DMUB_NOTIFICATION_MAX];
  bool dmub_thread_offload[AMDGPU_DMUB_NOTIFICATION_MAX];
  struct dmub_srv_fb_info *dmub_fb_info;
  const struct firmware *dmub_fw;
  struct amdgpu_bo *dmub_bo;
  u64 dmub_bo_gpu_addr;
  void *dmub_bo_cpu_addr;
  uint32_t dmcub_fw_version;
  struct cgs_device *cgs_device;
  struct amdgpu_device *adev;
  struct drm_device *ddev;
  u16 display_indexes_num;
  struct drm_private_obj atomic_obj;
  struct mutex dc_lock;
  struct mutex audio_lock;
#if defined(CONFIG_DRM_AMD_DC_DCN);
  spinlock_t vblank_lock;
#endif;
  struct drm_audio_component *audio_component;
  bool audio_registered;
  struct list_head irq_handler_list_low_tab[DAL_IRQ_SOURCES_NUMBER];
  struct list_head irq_handler_list_high_tab[DAL_IRQ_SOURCES_NUMBER];
  struct common_irq_params pflip_params[DC_IRQ_SOURCE_PFLIP_LAST - DC_IRQ_SOURCE_PFLIP_FIRST + 1];
  struct common_irq_params vblank_params[DC_IRQ_SOURCE_VBLANK6 - DC_IRQ_SOURCE_VBLANK1 + 1];
  struct common_irq_params vline0_params[DC_IRQ_SOURCE_DC6_VLINE0 - DC_IRQ_SOURCE_DC1_VLINE0 + 1];
  struct common_irq_params vupdate_params[DC_IRQ_SOURCE_VUPDATE6 - DC_IRQ_SOURCE_VUPDATE1 + 1];
  struct common_irq_params dmub_trace_params[1];
  struct common_irq_params dmub_outbox_params[1];
  spinlock_t irq_handler_list_table_lock;
  struct backlight_device *backlight_dev[AMDGPU_DM_MAX_NUM_EDP];
  const struct dc_link *backlight_link[AMDGPU_DM_MAX_NUM_EDP];
  uint8_t num_of_edps;
  struct amdgpu_dm_backlight_caps backlight_caps[AMDGPU_DM_MAX_NUM_EDP];
  struct mod_freesync *freesync_module;
#ifdef CONFIG_DRM_AMD_DC_HDCP;
  struct hdcp_workqueue *hdcp_workqueue;
#endif;
#if defined(CONFIG_DRM_AMD_DC_DCN);
  struct workqueue_struct *vblank_control_workqueue;
#endif;
  struct drm_atomic_state *cached_state;
  struct dc_state *cached_dc_state;
  struct dm_compressor_info compressor;
  const struct firmware *fw_dmcu;
  uint32_t dmcu_fw_version;
  const struct gpu_info_soc_bounding_box_v1_0 *soc_bounding_box;
#if defined(CONFIG_DRM_AMD_DC_DCN);
  uint32_t active_vblank_irq_count;
#endif;
#if defined(CONFIG_DRM_AMD_SECURE_DISPLAY);
  struct crc_rd_work *crc_rd_wrk;
#endif;
  struct hpd_rx_irq_offload_work_queue *hpd_rx_offload_wq;
  struct amdgpu_encoder mst_encoders[AMDGPU_DM_MAX_CRTC];
  bool force_timing_sync;
  bool disable_hpd_irq;
  bool dmcub_trace_event_en;
  struct list_head da_list;
  struct completion dmub_aux_transfer_done;
  struct workqueue_struct *delayed_hpd_wq;
  u32 brightness[AMDGPU_DM_MAX_NUM_EDP];
};

Members

dc
Display Core control structure
dmub_srv
DMUB service, used for controlling the DMUB on hardware that supports it. The pointer to the dmub_srv will be NULL on hardware that does not support it.
dmub_notify
Notification from DMUB.
dmub_callback
Callback functions to handle notification from DMUB.
dmub_thread_offload
Flag to indicate if callback is offload.
dmub_fb_info
Framebuffer regions for the DMUB.
dmub_fw
DMUB firmware, required on hardware that has DMUB support.
dmub_bo
Buffer object for the DMUB.
dmub_bo_gpu_addr
GPU virtual address for the DMUB buffer object.
dmub_bo_cpu_addr
CPU address for the DMUB buffer object.
dmcub_fw_version
DMCUB firmware version.
cgs_device
The Common Graphics Services device. It provides an interface for accessing registers.
adev
AMDGPU base driver structure
ddev
DRM base driver structure
display_indexes_num
Max number of display streams supported
atomic_obj
In combination with dm_atomic_state it helps manage global atomic state that doesn’t map cleanly into existing drm resources, like dc_context.
dc_lock
Guards access to DC functions that can issue register write sequences.
audio_lock
Guards access to audio instance changes.
vblank_lock
Guards access to deferred vblank work state.
audio_component
Used to notify ELD changes to sound driver.
audio_registered
True if the audio component has been registered successfully, false otherwise.
irq_handler_list_low_tab

Low priority IRQ handler table.

It is a n*m table consisting of n IRQ sources, and m handlers per IRQ source. Low priority IRQ handlers are deferred to a workqueue to be processed. Hence, they can sleep.

Note that handlers are called in the same order as they were registered (FIFO).

irq_handler_list_high_tab

High priority IRQ handler table.

It is a n*m table, same as irq_handler_list_low_tab. However, handlers in this table are not deferred and are called immediately.

pflip_params
Page flip IRQ parameters, passed to registered handlers when triggered.
vblank_params
Vertical blanking IRQ parameters, passed to registered handlers when triggered.
vline0_params
OTG vertical interrupt0 IRQ parameters, passed to registered handlers when triggered.
vupdate_params
Vertical update IRQ parameters, passed to registered handlers when triggered.
dmub_trace_params
DMUB trace event IRQ parameters, passed to registered handlers when triggered.
irq_handler_list_table_lock
Synchronizes access to IRQ tables
backlight_dev
Backlight control device
backlight_link
Link on which to control backlight
backlight_caps
Capabilities of the backlight device
freesync_module
Module handling freesync calculations
hdcp_workqueue
AMDGPU content protection queue
vblank_control_workqueue
Deferred work for vblank control events.
cached_state
Caches device atomic state for suspend/resume
cached_dc_state
Cached state of content streams
compressor
Frame buffer compression buffer. See struct dm_compressor_info
fw_dmcu
Reference to DMCU firmware
dmcu_fw_version
Version of the DMCU firmware
soc_bounding_box
gpu_info FW provided soc bounding box struct or 0 if not available in FW
active_vblank_irq_count
number of currently active vblank irqs
crc_rd_wrk
Work to be executed in a separate thread to communicate with PSP.
hpd_rx_offload_wq
Work queue to offload works of hpd_rx_irq
mst_encoders
fake encoders used for DP MST.
force_timing_sync
set via debugfs. When set, indicates that all connected displays will be forced to synchronize.
dmcub_trace_event_en
enable dmcub trace events
da_list
DAL fb memory allocation list, for communication with SMU.
brightness
cached backlight values.

Lifecycle

DM (and consequently DC) is registered in the amdgpu base driver as a IP block. When CONFIG_DRM_AMD_DC is enabled, the DM device IP block is added to the base driver’s device list to be initialized and torn down accordingly.

The functions to do so are provided as hooks in struct amd_ip_funcs.

int dm_hw_init(void *handle)

Initialize DC device

Parameters

void *handle
The base driver device containing the amdgpu_dm device.

Description

Initialize the struct amdgpu_display_manager device. This involves calling the initializers of each DM component, then populating the struct with them.

Although the function implies hardware initialization, both hardware and software are initialized here. Splitting them out to their relevant init hooks is a future TODO item.

Some notable things that are initialized here:

  • Display Core, both software and hardware
  • DC modules that we need (freesync and color management)
  • DRM software states
  • Interrupt sources and handlers
  • Vblank support
  • Debug FS entries, if enabled
int dm_hw_fini(void *handle)

Teardown DC device

Parameters

void *handle
The base driver device containing the amdgpu_dm device.

Description

Teardown components within struct amdgpu_display_manager that require cleanup. This involves cleaning up the DRM device, DC, and any modules that were loaded. Also flush IRQ workqueues and disable them.

Interrupts

DM provides another layer of IRQ management on top of what the base driver already provides. This is something that could be cleaned up, and is a future TODO item.

The base driver provides IRQ source registration with DRM, handler registration into the base driver’s IRQ table, and a handler callback amdgpu_irq_handler(), with which DRM calls on interrupts. This generic handler looks up the IRQ table, and calls the respective amdgpu_irq_src_funcs.process hookups.

What DM provides on top are two IRQ tables specifically for top-half and bottom-half IRQ handling, with the bottom-half implementing workqueues:

They override the base driver’s IRQ table, and the effect can be seen in the hooks that DM provides for amdgpu_irq_src_funcs.process. They are all set to the DM generic handler amdgpu_dm_irq_handler(), which looks up DM’s IRQ tables. However, in order for base driver to recognize this hook, DM still needs to register the IRQ with the base driver. See dce110_register_irq_handlers() and dcn10_register_irq_handlers().

To expose DC’s hardware interrupt toggle to the base driver, DM implements amdgpu_irq_src_funcs.set hooks. Base driver calls it through amdgpu_irq_update() to enable or disable the interrupt.

struct amdgpu_dm_irq_handler_data

Data for DM interrupt handlers.

Definition

struct amdgpu_dm_irq_handler_data {
  struct list_head list;
  interrupt_handler handler;
  void *handler_arg;
  struct amdgpu_display_manager *dm;
  enum dc_irq_source irq_source;
  struct work_struct work;
};

Members

list
Linked list entry referencing the next/previous handler
handler
Handler function
handler_arg
Argument passed to the handler when triggered
dm
DM which this handler belongs to
irq_source
DC interrupt source that this handler is registered for
work
work struct
void dm_irq_work_func(struct work_struct *work)

Handle an IRQ outside of the interrupt handler proper.

Parameters

struct work_struct *work
work struct
void unregister_all_irq_handlers(struct amdgpu_device *adev)

Cleans up handlers from the DM IRQ table

Parameters

struct amdgpu_device *adev
The base driver device containing the DM device

Description

Go through low and high context IRQ tables and deallocate handlers.

void * amdgpu_dm_irq_register_interrupt(struct amdgpu_device *adev, struct dc_interrupt_params *int_params, void (*ih)(void *), void *handler_args)

Register a handler within DM.

Parameters

struct amdgpu_device *adev
The base driver device containing the DM device.
struct dc_interrupt_params *int_params
Interrupt parameters containing the source, and handler context
void (*ih)(void *)
Function pointer to the interrupt handler to register
void *handler_args
Arguments passed to the handler when the interrupt occurs

Description

Register an interrupt handler for the given IRQ source, under the given context. The context can either be high or low. High context handlers are executed directly within ISR context, while low context is executed within a workqueue, thereby allowing operations that sleep.

Registered handlers are called in a FIFO manner, i.e. the most recently registered handler will be called first.

Return

Handler data struct amdgpu_dm_irq_handler_data containing the IRQ
source, handler function, and args
void amdgpu_dm_irq_unregister_interrupt(struct amdgpu_device *adev, enum dc_irq_source irq_source, void *ih)

Remove a handler from the DM IRQ table

Parameters

struct amdgpu_device *adev
The base driver device containing the DM device
enum dc_irq_source irq_source
IRQ source to remove the given handler from
void *ih
Function pointer to the interrupt handler to unregister

Description

Go through both low and high context IRQ tables, and find the given handler for the given irq source. If found, remove it. Otherwise, do nothing.

int amdgpu_dm_irq_init(struct amdgpu_device *adev)

Initialize DM IRQ management

Parameters

struct amdgpu_device *adev
The base driver device containing the DM device

Description

Initialize DM’s high and low context IRQ tables.

The N by M table contains N IRQ sources, with M struct amdgpu_dm_irq_handler_data hooked together in a linked list. The list_heads are initialized here. When an interrupt n is triggered, all m handlers are called in sequence, FIFO according to registration order.

The low context table requires special steps to initialize, since handlers will be deferred to a workqueue. See struct irq_list_head.

void amdgpu_dm_irq_fini(struct amdgpu_device *adev)

Tear down DM IRQ management

Parameters

struct amdgpu_device *adev
The base driver device containing the DM device

Description

Flush all work within the low context IRQ table.

int amdgpu_dm_irq_handler(struct amdgpu_device *adev, struct amdgpu_irq_src *source, struct amdgpu_iv_entry *entry)

Generic DM IRQ handler

Parameters

struct amdgpu_device *adev
amdgpu base driver device containing the DM device
struct amdgpu_irq_src *source
Unused
struct amdgpu_iv_entry *entry
Data about the triggered interrupt

Description

Calls all registered high irq work immediately, and schedules work for low irq. The DM IRQ table is used to find the corresponding handlers.

void amdgpu_dm_hpd_init(struct amdgpu_device *adev)

hpd setup callback.

Parameters

struct amdgpu_device *adev
amdgpu_device pointer

Description

Setup the hpd pins used by the card (evergreen+). Enable the pin, set the polarity, and enable the hpd interrupts.

void amdgpu_dm_hpd_fini(struct amdgpu_device *adev)

hpd tear down callback.

Parameters

struct amdgpu_device *adev
amdgpu_device pointer

Description

Tear down the hpd pins used by the card (evergreen+). Disable the hpd interrupts.

void dm_pflip_high_irq(void *interrupt_params)

Handle pageflip interrupt

Parameters

void *interrupt_params
ignored

Description

Handles the pageflip interrupt by notifying all interested parties that the pageflip has been completed.

void dm_crtc_high_irq(void *interrupt_params)

Handles CRTC interrupt

Parameters

void *interrupt_params
used for determining the CRTC instance

Description

Handles the CRTC/VSYNC interrupt by notfying DRM’s VBLANK event handler.

Atomic Implementation

WIP

void amdgpu_dm_atomic_commit_tail(struct drm_atomic_state *state)

AMDgpu DM’s commit tail implementation.

Parameters

struct drm_atomic_state *state
The atomic state to commit

Description

This will tell DC to commit the constructed DC state from atomic_check, programming the hardware. Any failures here implies a hardware failure, since atomic check should have filtered anything non-kosher.

int amdgpu_dm_atomic_check(struct drm_device *dev, struct drm_atomic_state *state)

Atomic check implementation for AMDgpu DM.

Parameters

struct drm_device *dev
The DRM device
struct drm_atomic_state *state
The atomic state to commit

Description

Validate that the given atomic state is programmable by DC into hardware. This involves constructing a struct dc_state reflecting the new hardware state we wish to commit, then querying DC to see if it is programmable. It’s important not to modify the existing DC state. Otherwise, atomic_check may unexpectedly commit hardware changes.

When validating the DC state, it’s important that the right locks are acquired. For full updates case which removes/adds/updates streams on one CRTC while flipping on another CRTC, acquiring global lock will guarantee that any such full update commit will wait for completion of any outstanding flip using DRMs synchronization events.

Note that DM adds the affected connectors for all CRTCs in state, when that might not seem necessary. This is because DC stream creation requires the DC sink, which is tied to the DRM connector state. Cleaning this up should be possible but non-trivial - a possible TODO item.

Return

-Error code if validation failed.

Display Core

WIP

FreeSync Video

When a userspace application wants to play a video, the content follows a standard format definition that usually specifies the FPS for that format. The below list illustrates some video format and the expected FPS, respectively:

  • TV/NTSC (23.976 FPS)
  • Cinema (24 FPS)
  • TV/PAL (25 FPS)
  • TV/NTSC (29.97 FPS)
  • TV/NTSC (30 FPS)
  • Cinema HFR (48 FPS)
  • TV/PAL (50 FPS)
  • Commonly used (60 FPS)
  • Multiples of 24 (48,72,96 FPS)

The list of standards video format is not huge and can be added to the connector modeset list beforehand. With that, userspace can leverage FreeSync to extends the front porch in order to attain the target refresh rate. Such a switch will happen seamlessly, without screen blanking or reprogramming of the output in any other way. If the userspace requests a modesetting change compatible with FreeSync modes that only differ in the refresh rate, DC will skip the full update and avoid blink during the transition. For example, the video player can change the modesetting from 60Hz to 30Hz for playing TV/NTSC content when it goes full screen without causing any display blink. This same concept can be applied to a mode setting change.